Explore the fascinating process of thermonuclear fusion that powers stars in this 34-minute video lecture from Princeton astrophysicist Joshua Winn. Discover how the sun's luminosity and age suggest its energy source, and delve into basic nuclear physics to understand low energy binding. Examine the most stable nuclei and learn about fusion, fission, and decay in positive nuclei. Uncover the role of symmetry energy in explaining the binding energy curve and understand how the sun fuses hydrogen to helium. Investigate Einstein's famous equation E=mc² and its implications for energy-mass exchange rates. Analyze the energy emission rate and dissect the sequence of reactions in proton fusion. Learn how quantum theory facilitates proton fusion and explore the solution to the instability of the Helium-2 nucleus. Gain a comprehensive understanding of why stars shine through this engaging astrophysics lesson.