Explore the intricacies of valence quark and gluon transverse momentum-dependent distributions (TMDs) in spin-1 QCD systems through a light-front Hamiltonian approach in this 29-minute conference talk. Delivered by Satvir Kaur at the International School and Workshop on Probing Hadron Structure at the Electron-Ion Collider, hosted by the International Centre for Theoretical Sciences, this presentation delves into cutting-edge research relevant to the upcoming Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) at Brookhaven National Lab. Gain insights into the distribution of quarks and gluons inside nucleons, the composition of proton mass and spin, and the potential for gluon saturation in heavy ion collisions. This talk is part of a comprehensive program aimed at advancing our understanding of hadron structure and preparing the scientific community for the unprecedented opportunities offered by the EIC.