Explore the fascinating world of neurobiology in this comprehensive tutorial led by Vijay Balasubramanian. Delve into the basic computational elements of the brain, focusing on neurons and the retina. Examine the theory of computation and its application to neural systems, while considering the costs and efficiency of brain computations. Investigate the language of computation in neurobiology and explore general grounds for understanding brain function. Engage with thought-provoking budget considerations and participate in an enlightening thought experiment. Conclude with a stimulating discussion that ties together the key concepts presented throughout the tutorial.