Explore a 27-minute conference talk by Ingrid Pelisoli from the University of Warwick, presented at the "White Dwarfs from Physics to Astrophysics" conference held at the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics. Delve into the latest research on extremely low-mass white dwarfs, utilizing data from astrometric, photometric, and spectroscopic all-sky surveys to gain an unbiased view of the Galactic white dwarf population. Discover how these stellar remnants serve as valuable probes for various astrophysical phenomena, including star and planet formation, Galactic star formation rates, and potential sources of low-frequency gravitational waves. Gain insights into the challenges of improving white dwarf models and the importance of advancing fundamental physics in areas such as equations of state and opacities. Understand the significance of this research in providing a comprehensive understanding of white dwarf populations and their applications in astrophysics.