Explore the second part of a five-part mini-course on symbolic dynamics for nonuniformly hyperbolic systems. Delve into advanced topics such as graph transforms, nonuniformly hyperbolic loci, recurrence properties, and bounded derivatives. Learn about passing charts, redefinition techniques, and bounded distortion in the context of dynamical systems. Examine the setting and examples of Markov partitions, and gain insights into relevant literature in the field. This lecture, part of the "Markov Partitions and Young Towers in Dynamics" series, builds upon the groundbreaking work of Sinai, Ruelle, and Bowen, extending their ideas to more complex nonuniformly hyperbolic systems.