Explore the intricate relationship between predictive inference and the material world in cognitive processes through this illuminating lecture from the Instituto de Física Interdisciplinar y Sistemas Complejos (IFISC). Delve into the complex mechanisms underlying human cognition and discover how our brains make predictions based on sensory input and prior knowledge. Examine the role of the physical environment in shaping our cognitive abilities and learn about cutting-edge research in this fascinating field. Gain insights into the interdisciplinary nature of cognitive science and its implications for understanding human behavior and decision-making processes.