Explore the fundamentals, inner workings, and best practices of logging in distributed systems through a comprehensive examination of CNCF projects Fluentd and Fluent Bit in this 22-minute conference talk. Delve into the data collection, filtering, buffering, and routing pipeline for data centralization, and gain insights into optimal Kubernetes deployment strategies, including DaemonSets and Sidecars. Learn about Fluentd's architecture, popular use cases, and container logging, as well as Fluent Bit's introduction, data workflow, performance, and Kubernetes integration. Discover essential concepts such as JSON, correlation, context, deployment, enterprise connectors, and Open Telemetry to enhance your observability skills in cloud-native environments.