Explore the theoretical and empirical evidence surrounding exponential quantum advantage in quantum chemistry during this Quantum Colloquium lecture. Delve into ground-state energy determination for generic chemical problems, examining state preparation methods, adiabatic state preparation, and classical heuristics. Analyze numerical simulations of iron sulfur clusters, strongly correlated materials, and the Heisenberg model. Gain insights into state preparation techniques, tensor networks, and hybrid models as Garnet Chan from Caltech presents a comprehensive examination of quantum advantage in chemistry.