Explore the fascinating world of gemstone formation through igneous and metamorphic processes in this comprehensive 30-minute video. Discover the origins, characteristics, and unique properties of 12 popular gemstones, including diamonds, rubies, sapphires, and emeralds. Learn about the various geological processes that create these precious stones, from deep within the Earth's mantle to hydrothermal veins near the surface. Gain insights into how different gemstones acquire their beautiful colors and optical properties. Delve into the specific formation processes of each featured gemstone, understanding the role of temperature, pressure, and chemical composition in their creation. Perfect for geology enthusiasts, gemstone collectors, and anyone curious about the Earth's hidden treasures.