Explore the fundamentals of observability in cloud architecture through this informative conference talk. Discover the crucial difference between simply restarting a server and truly understanding system issues. Learn why observability is a critical design goal for complex cloud systems and how to implement it from the outset. Delve into the speaker's extensive experience in adding observability to various systems, and gain insights into leveraging open-source tools for detailed production web stack analysis. Cover key topics including the importance of observability, its scope beyond logging, initial steps with Open Telemetry, and effective data management strategies.