Explore a conference talk on estimating oxygen levels in the Southern Ocean using Argo temperature and salinity data. Delve into the application of machine learning techniques for climate science, focusing on how big data and advanced algorithms can provide detailed insights into climate systems. Discover how this research contributes to understanding two-way, multi-scale processes encompassing physical, chemical, and biological realms. Learn about the potential for descriptive inference to generate new theories and validate existing ones in climate science. Understand the importance of collaborative efforts in addressing key climate problems and the role of interdisciplinary exchange in advancing our understanding of Earth's systems.