Explore the intricacies of complex optical networks utilizing vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) in this 47-minute lecture presented by the Instituto de Física Interdisciplinar y Sistemas Complejos (IFISC). Delve into the fundamental principles and advanced applications of VCSELs in optical networking, gaining insights into their unique properties and advantages. Discover how these compact semiconductor lasers contribute to the development of high-speed, energy-efficient communication systems. Examine the challenges and opportunities in implementing VCSEL-based networks, and learn about cutting-edge research in this field. Gain a comprehensive understanding of the role VCSELs play in shaping the future of optical communication technologies.