Explore advanced Natural Language Processing concepts in this comprehensive lecture from CMU's CS 11-711 course. Delve into the scientific method, learn how to formulate research questions, conduct literature surveys, and develop hypotheses. Gain insights on designing and executing experiments, including data acquisition, annotation techniques, and performance evaluation. Discover the differences between application-driven and curiosity-driven research, and understand how to generate innovative ideas in the field of NLP. Enhance your understanding of experimental design, power analysis, and the importance of establishing robust annotation guidelines.