Explore the groundbreaking world of atomic-level chemical reactions in this 55-minute Royal Institution lecture by Professor Pratibha Gai. Discover how the development of the atomic resolution-environmental transmission electron microscope (atomic resolution-ETEM) has revolutionized our ability to observe and analyze atomic movements during chemical processes. Delve into the far-reaching applications of this technology, from medicine production to new energy sources. Learn about key concepts such as aberration correction, single item level instrumentation, and catalyst nanoparticles. Examine specific examples like diesel oxidation catalysts, biofuels, fuel cells, and antibacterial tests. Gain insights into the mechanisms behind these reactions and understand how this new field of research is shaping our understanding of the atomic world and its practical implications for modern society.