Delve into the intricacies of collider physics in this comprehensive lecture, the fourth in a series delivered by Andrea Wulzer at the Galileo Galilei Institute. Explore advanced concepts and theories in particle physics, focusing on the dynamics and interactions that occur within particle accelerators. Gain insights into the latest research and experimental findings in the field, and understand the implications for our understanding of fundamental physics. Over the course of 1 hour and 34 minutes, examine complex mathematical models, data analysis techniques, and the cutting-edge technologies employed in modern collider experiments.