Explore an in-depth lecture on Lattice Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) presented by Nilmani Mathur at the International Centre for Theoretical Sciences. Delve into the foundations of QCD, its lattice formulation, and numerical approaches used in this field. Learn about the particle zoo, Euclidean formulation, scalar theory, and the birth of Lattice QCD. Examine gauge actions, continuum limits, and various fermion formulations on the lattice. Discover Monte Carlo methods, rational hybrid algorithms, and techniques for calculating observables. Investigate hadronic mass generation, static quark potentials, and weak matrix elements. Explore applications of Lattice QCD in nuclear physics, cosmology, and dark matter research. Gain insights into the challenges, computational costs, and future prospects of lattice gauge theories. Conclude with an overview of the field's connections to other areas of physics and recommended books for further study.