1 Normal Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressures 0:39
2 Systolic SBP and Diastolic Blood Pressure DBP; relationship with Cardiac Output CO and Total Peripheral Resistance TPR respectively. 1:03
3 0 SBP’s direct proportionality with CO. 4:22
4 Defining DBP. 2:50
5 DBP’s direct proportionality with TPR. 2:12
6 Effect of arterioloconstrictors and arteriolodilators on TPR and by extension DBP. Altering SBP by controlling CO. 2:08
7 Explanation and calculation of Mean Arterial Pressure MAP; Mean Systemic Blood Pressure 9:57
8 Cardiac Output CO = Stroke Volume and Heart Rate. Factors influencing Stroke Volume e.g. Preload, Contractility, Afterload. 5:29
9 Venous Return; Preload, factors influencing it i.e. Ventricular Filling Pressure, Filling Time. 4:29
10 Contractility and Afterload and how they affect Preload. 2:28
11 Total Peripheral Resistance TPR; contribution to Blood Pressure through changes in DBP; concepts of stressed and unstressed volumes and effect of vasodilation/arteriolodilation and Venoconstriction/… 4:48
12 M.A.P = CO into TPR; Cardiac Output and Total Peripheral Resistance as interdependent variables and not independent ; i.e. if one increases the other decreases and vice versa. 2:23
13 Short term Rapid and Long term regulation of BP; i.e. Neurological and Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone system. 3:29
14 Detailed explanation of Neurological Regulation; how it counterbalances major fluctuations; Baroreceptors, Carotid Sinus and Aortic Arch Sinus; Role of Glossopharyngeal 9th Nerve and Vagus Nerve 10t… 28:34
15 Effect of Hypertension on sensitivity of nerve endings in Carotid Sinus Arch and S.A node and clinical implications of this phenomena. 2:18
16 Summary of neuronal blood pressure regulation and rapid control of blood pressure with emphasis on Parasympathetic and Sympathetic activity through afferent and efferent neurons. 2:08
17 Neuronal Blood Pressure Regulation NBPR; Clinical co-relates; Carotid Occlusion, Carotid Sinus Massage, its importance in managing Supraventricular Tachycardias SVT. 5:16
18 NBPR; Clinical co-relates; Postural changes in blood pressure, Orthostatic Hypotension, severe dehydration, use of sympatholytic or vasodilator drugs and compensatory rise in Sympathetic Nervous Sys… 9:49
19 NBPR; Clinical Co-relate; Volume load, compensatory rise in Parasympathetic Nervous System Activity PANS leading to fall in blood pressure. 1:36
20 Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System RAA; Production/release of Renin; Effect of increased or decreased renal perfusion on JuxtaGlomerular Apparatus JG apparatus. Its role in increased reabsorption … 15:19
21 RAA system: Increased Renin release in blood stream leading to release of Angiotensin-1 from the liver. Conversion of AT-1 to AT-2 by the enzyme Angiotensin-Conversion-Enzyme ACE present in cells of… 4:58
22 RAA system: Role of AT-2 in increasing SBP and DBP through venoconstriction and arterioloconstriction respectively. AT-2’s role in activating thirst center in hypothalamus. AT-2’s role in activating… 8:53
23 RAA system: AT-2’s effect on Adrenal Gland in producing Aldosterone. Detailed mechanism of Aldosterone’s action on DCT to increase reabsorption of Na+ and H2O salt-water retention and thus increased… 12:10
24 RAA system: AT-2’s effect in enhancing Na+ and H2O reabsorption through its action on Na+-H+ counter transporter and significance of Carbonic Anhydrase enzyme in this regard. AT’s role in maintainin… 7:40
25 Drugs acting through RAA system: ACE inhibitors; Renal Artery Stenosis. 6:34
26 Drugs affecting RAA system: Angiotensin-Receptor Blockers ARBs. 5:12
27 Other Blood Pressure regulatory mechanisms; chemoreceptors; Central and peripheral types of chemoreceptors. 5:14
28 Cushing’s reaction, its clinical co-relates; Increased Intracerebral Pressure ICP in cases of Space Occupying Lesion SOL. Increased Cerebral Blood Flow, progressively increasing BP and progressively… 9:42
29 Other mechanisms: Anti-diuretic hormone ADH/Vasopressor hormone.