Explore the fascinating world of intestinal biology in this academic lecture from Professor Yoshiko Takahashi of Kyoto University's Department of Biological Sciences. Begin with an intriguing journey through tail development in vertebrates before discovering its surprising connection to intestinal formation. Learn about the mysterious functions of the appendix, examine innovative organoid models that replicate intestinal peristalsis, and delve into groundbreaking research findings about this unexplored frontier of the body. Through detailed explanations and a comprehensive Q&A session, gain deep insights into the objectives of fundamental scientific research while uncovering surprising facts about the intestinal system that challenge common understanding.