Explore the fundamentals of translation and machine translation in this comprehensive lecture by Graham Neubig. Delve into the practice of translation, machine translation techniques, evaluation metrics, and data sources. Learn about bi-text extraction and filtering methods. Gain insights into the translation industry, challenges faced by translators, and the evolution of translation technologies. Examine concepts such as lexical ambiguity, literary translation, and various translation approaches including direct transfer, semantics-based methods, and neural models. Discover the importance of parallel corpora and diverse language data sources in translation tasks. Access accompanying slides and references for further study.