Explore the fascinating world of element properties in this comprehensive video lecture. Discover the scientific reasons behind mercury's liquid state at room temperature, gold's distinctive yellow color, and oxygen's colorlessness. Delve into electron configurations, quantum mechanics, and relativistic effects that determine these unique characteristics. Learn about the behavior of noble gases, the formation of condensed states, and the factors influencing element colors. Understand the differences between liquids, solids, and gases at the atomic level, and uncover the role of relativistic effects in mercury's properties. Examine why most metals appear gray and the specific reasons behind gold's yellow hue. Gain insights into the physical properties of elements through clear explanations and examples, making complex scientific concepts accessible to curious learners.