Explore the intricacies of neutrino mass mechanisms in this comprehensive lecture on Dirac and Majorana neutrinos. Delve into the fundamental concepts of particle physics as Rahul Srivastava from the International Centre for Theoretical Sciences presents a detailed analysis of these two distinct types of neutrinos. Learn about the Standard Model's limitations in explaining neutrino masses and discover how the study of Dirac and Majorana neutrinos contributes to our understanding of physics beyond the standard model. Gain insights into the ongoing research questions surrounding neutrinos, including their nature as their own antiparticles, the possibility of sterile neutrinos, mass ordering, and CP symmetry violation in neutrino oscillations. This lecture, part of the "Understanding the Universe Through Neutrinos" program, offers an in-depth exploration of neutrino physics, preparing students and researchers for cutting-edge work in this dynamic field.