Explore the potential of jets and heavy flavor production at the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) in this 43-minute lecture by Prabhakar Palani from the International Centre for Theoretical Sciences. Delve into the physics of high-energy electron-proton/heavy ion collisions and their implications for understanding hadron structure. Learn about the EIC's capabilities in probing quark and gluon distributions, investigating the origin of nucleon mass and spin, and exploring gluon saturation in heavy ion collisions. Gain insights into the unprecedented level of detail the EIC will provide in studying nucleon structure and the frontier areas of EIC physics. This talk is part of the International School and Workshop on Probing Hadron Structure at the Electron-Ion Collider, offering valuable knowledge for researchers in particle physics, QCD, hadron physics, and heavy ion physics.