Explore the rich history and recent discoveries of duality in physics through this distinguished lecture by Eduardo H Fradkin from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Delve into the origins of duality, from Dirac's electromagnetic symmetry to the Kramers-Wannier duality in the two-dimensional Ising model. Examine the wide-ranging applications of duality across condensed matter physics, quantum field theory, and gravity. Gain insights into how duality often maps strongly coupled theories to weakly coupled ones, seemingly different in nature. Discover how duality has contributed to understanding a mysterious symmetry observed in quantum Hall fluid experiments. Learn from a renowned theoretical condensed matter physicist about this fundamental concept that bridges multiple areas of physics.