Explore the fundamental units of memory in the brain known as engrams in this comprehensive 28-minute video lecture. Delve into the historical background of memory research, learn about the fear conditioning paradigm, and understand how immediate-early genes serve as memory markers. Discover why engrams are both necessary and sufficient for recall, and examine the role of excitability in memory allocation. Investigate brain-wide engrams and how different memories become linked together. Gain insights into cutting-edge neuroscience research on memory formation, storage, and retrieval, supported by numerous scientific references. Conclude with a summary of key concepts and an introduction to further learning opportunities through Brilliant.