Explore high-energy neutrinos, their backgrounds, and measurement techniques in this 39-minute conference talk by Ibrahim Safa from Harvard University. Delve into the interdisciplinary aspects of neutrino physics, focusing on maximizing new physics potential from experimental data, understanding high-precision neutrino cross sections, and addressing the impact of neutrinos on astrophysical and cosmological processes. Gain insights into the connections between neutrinos and gravitational waves, cosmological data, and sources for IceCube's astrophysical neutrino events. Discover the implications of recent sterile neutrino searches for cosmology and astrophysics, and learn about the role of neutrino detectors as astrophysical observatories in this presentation from the Interdisciplinary Developments in Neutrino Physics Conference.