Explore the first lecture in a series on Quantum Field Theory and Conformal Field Theory in Condensed Matter Physics, delivered by Dam Thanh Son at the Kavli Asian Winter School on Strings, Particles and Cosmology. Delve into topics such as non-relativistic systems, scattering, dimensional analysis, ground states at finite density, dispersion relations, and renormalization group theory. Gain insights into the application of these advanced theoretical concepts to condensed matter systems, with comparisons between relativistic and non-relativistic cases. Prepare for a comprehensive introduction to the intersection of quantum field theory, conformal field theory, and condensed matter physics in this 1 hour and 35 minute lecture.