Explore the fascinating journey of species evolution in this 1-hour 34-minute lecture by Shannon Olsson from the National Centre for Biological Sciences. Delve into the 150-year quest to understand biodiversity through the lens of a humble fly, tracing the path from Darwin's era to modern virtual reality experiments in Bangalore. Discover how minute changes in insect brains can lead to behavioral shifts and ultimately the emergence of new species. Learn about the contributions of scientists across continents and disciplines, from Darwin and his contemporaries to present-day researchers using cutting-edge technology. Gain insights into insect biology, plant-insect interactions, neurophysiology, and the intricate processes driving speciation in this comprehensive exploration of evolutionary biology.