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White Dwarf Stars Lecture - 02
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Quantum Stars
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What are the stars? and Why are they as they are? Condensed Stars
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The strange companion of Sirius!
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Are such super-dense stars doomed?
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What will happen to the star when the nuclear reactor at its center fails?
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Sir Ralph Howard Fowler 1889-1994
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Quantum Physics
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Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle
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White Dwarfs are Quantum Stars
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White Dwarfs are for ever!
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Enter Chandra: 1928
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Radiation Pressure
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Hydrostatic Equilibrium
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Classical Physics All momentum values are allowed.
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Consider motion in one dimension. Let the electron be confined to a length L.
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Pauli's exclusion principle allows us to put two fermions in a cell in phase space.
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Fermi Momentum
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Fermi Energy
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Pressure of an ideal classical gas
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Pressure of a Fermi gas at T=0 K
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Chandrasekhar's Theory of White Dwarfs
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Chandrasekhar's Theory of White Dwarfs 1930
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Mass - Radius Relation for White Dwarfs S. Chandrasekhar, 1930
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Stars of all mass will find their ultimate peace as Quantum Stars supported by the pressure of electrons
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History is made
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Relativistic Fermi Gas
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Fermi Energy
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Fermi Energy: Ultra relativistic particles
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Relativistic White Dwarfs
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A fully relativistic WD has no radius! But it has a unique mass!
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Chandrasekhar Limit
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White Dwarfs in the sky!
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How does Nature make white dwarfs?
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Deep inside the star
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To burn or not to burn? That is the question
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Ideal Gas Core
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Fully Degenerate Core
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Classical or Quantum?
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The fate of the contracting core
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Low Mass Stars
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Gravo-Thermal Catastrophe
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Red Giant Star
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Contracting helium core
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Helium Flash in the degenerate core
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The Helium Bomb!
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The Degenerate Carbon Core
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Red Supergiant Star
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A White Dwarfs is born
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Diamonds in the sky!
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The progenitors of white dwarfs
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Diamonds are not for ever!
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Chandrasekhar Limit
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Aristotle 384 BC - 322 BC
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The matter of which the heavens are made is imperishable, and thus not subject to generation or corruption
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Sir Arthur Eddington, at the meeting of the Royal Astronomical Society in London in 1935.
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The Violent Universe
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Q&A
Description:
Explore the fascinating world of white dwarf stars in this comprehensive lecture from the "Neutron Stars and Black Holes" summer course. Delve into the quantum nature of these celestial objects, understanding their formation, structure, and ultimate fate. Learn about the groundbreaking work of scientists like Chandrasekhar and Fowler, and grasp key concepts such as the uncertainty principle, Fermi energy, and the Chandrasekhar limit. Examine the life cycles of stars, from red giants to supergiants, and discover how white dwarfs are born. Investigate the physics behind these compact objects, including relativistic effects and degenerate matter. Conclude with a discussion on the implications of white dwarf stars for our understanding of the universe and participate in a Q&A session to further expand your knowledge.

White Dwarf Stars: Formation, Structure, and Evolution - Lecture 2

International Centre for Theoretical Sciences
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