Explore the fundamental process of glycolysis in this comprehensive one-hour lecture. Delve into the metabolic pathway where glucose is broken down to produce energy, examining its occurrence in both aerobic and anaerobic organisms. Learn about the historical discovery of this pathway by German biochemists and its significance as the primary step of cellular respiration. Understand the transport of glucose, different types of glucose transporters, and the role of insulin in this process. Gain insights into the production of ATP, NADH, and pyruvate molecules during glycolysis, and discover how this pathway relates to the Krebs cycle in aerobic respiration and fermentation in anaerobic conditions. Perfect for medical students and those interested in cellular metabolism, this lecture provides a thorough understanding of glycolysis and its importance in energy production within cells.