Explore the intricacies of human visual object recognition in this comprehensive lecture by James DiCarlo from MIT. Delve into topics such as linear decoders, neural models, and the formulation of hypotheses in visual neuroscience. Examine the V4 model and its role in processing natural images. Investigate the challenges posed by adversarial attacks on visual recognition systems. Discuss the importance of individual variability in visual processing and its implications for scientific understanding. Reflect on the broader implications of building models in neuroscience and how these efforts contribute to advancing our knowledge of the human visual system. Consider the philosophical question of whether these models truly constitute an understanding of visual cognition. Gain insights into the practical applications of this research and its potential to drive progress in the field of visual neuroscience.