Explore the intriguing question of fine-scale microbial diversity in this 1-hour 14-minute lecture from the Santa Fe Institute. Delve into the complex interplay between ecology and evolution in high-dimensional environments, uncovering the factors that contribute to the vast array of microbial life. Gain insights into cutting-edge research and theories that attempt to explain the abundance of microbial diversity at fine scales. Examine how high-dimensional ecological niches and evolutionary processes shape microbial communities, and consider the implications for our understanding of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning.