Explore future directions in complex systems science through this Santa Fe Institute lecture. Delve into potential research areas spanning quantum biology, non-equilibrium physics, and regime shifts in complex phenomena. Examine the emergence and dynamics of living systems, investigating patterns of biological and cultural diversity across scales. Consider the evolution of complexity and sophisticated reasoning mechanisms in biological and social environments. Analyze processes generating diversity in nature and culture, and how they've changed over time. Investigate fundamental laws underlying societal innovation and growth, seeking regularities between biological and social phenomena to define a theory of possibility in nature and culture.