Explore fundamental music theory concepts and learn effective melody encoding techniques for training neural networks in this 39-minute video tutorial. Dive into scientific pitch notation, MIDI note notation, note values, melody structure, time signatures, tonic notes, major/minor scales, keys, and transposition. Discover practical approaches to music representation and time series representation, with examples provided. Gain insights on preparing melodies for LSTM ingestion, equipping you with essential knowledge for tackling the melody generation problem using artificial intelligence.