Explore the intricacies of statistical analysis and its real-world implications in this 36-minute conference talk from the Data Science Festival. Delve into common statistical pitfalls and their potentially dangerous consequences as Data Scientist Jorge Mauricio Ramos Francalanci examines the art of statistics. Begin with a concrete example of Simpson's Paradox to understand the risks of oversimplification in statistical models. Investigate the controversies surrounding hypothesis testing and p-values, and discover how Bayesian statistics offers an alternative framework for statistical inference. Expand your understanding of model performance metrics beyond accuracy, learning about precision and recall. Gain insights into how these concepts apply to everyday decision-making and their political ramifications. By the end of this talk, acquire tools to demystify statistical concepts and critically evaluate data-driven conclusions in both professional and personal contexts.