Explore the continuation of vexels, polynumbers, and Hindu Arabic arithmetic in this 20-minute mathematics video. Delve into a detailed comparison of Hindu Arabic and polynumber arithmetic systems before transitioning to a base 2 orientation for clearer explanation. Learn about the basic exchange convention, definitions, and fundamental operations like addition and multiplication in the context of these number systems. Gain valuable insights into the interconnections between different mathematical concepts and their practical applications in data structures.