Explore the importance of fundamental research in building our foundation of knowledge through this insightful Science Dean's Lecture. Delve into the perspectives of esteemed speakers Carol Hu, Marcy Robertson, and Ann Robertson as they discuss the role of the Australian Research Council in supporting scientific endeavors. Gain a deeper understanding of various applications of fundamental research, including the concepts of phase to intensity and phase contrast. Discover how these foundational studies contribute to advancing scientific understanding and pave the way for future innovations.