Explore the foundations of Higgs bundles in this introductory lecture from the Geometry, Groups and Dynamics (GGD) 2017 program. Delve into complex geometric interpretations, key definitions, and illustrative examples. Examine important propositions, including the Riemann-Hodge Theorem, and learn essential notation. Investigate claims related to Riemann surfaces and explore equivalence concepts. Follow the construction of mathematical objects and tackle exercises to reinforce understanding. Study the development of crucial maps and theorems, including uniqueness and existence proofs. Gain insights into fundamental facts and proof strategies in this field. Conclude with an exploration of Abel's Theorem and participate in a Q&A session to clarify concepts.