Explore Ramsey theory of homogeneous structures in this comprehensive lecture. Delve into the historical development of Ramsey theory on relational structures, from Ramsey's seminal theorem to recent breakthroughs. Understand the challenges in applying finite structure methods to infinite homogeneous counterparts, and discover how set-theoretic forcing opened new pathways in this field. Examine the structural properties involved in the Ramsey theory of various homogeneous structures, including the rationals, Rado graph, and homogeneous triangle-free graph. Learn about ongoing work and related areas such as infinite-dimensional Ramsey theory and partition theory of uncountable structures. Gain insights from the works of numerous mathematicians in this field, and explore the syllabus covering topics from the Pigeonhole Principle to ongoing investigations in binary free amalgamation classes.