Explore the fundamental concepts of modular arithmetic in this 26-minute video lecture on number theory. Delve into the eighth installment of a comprehensive series, focusing on the principles and applications of modular arithmetic within the broader context of number theory. Learn how to perform calculations and solve problems using modular arithmetic techniques, gaining valuable insights into this essential area of mathematics. Enhance your understanding of number theory and its practical applications through clear explanations and examples provided by mathematics educator Michael Penn.