Explore the mindset and strategies behind nation-state cyber operations in this 20-minute conference talk from USENIX Enigma 2018. Gain insights into how military-scale cyber forces approach cybersecurity, moving beyond traditional information security concepts. Examine the rise of massive government-backed cyber operations and their global impact. Learn about time-tested military techniques adapted for offensive and defensive cyber operations, including effects-based operations, targeting, deception, center of gravity analysis, command and control, and cyber-enabled information operations. Understand the scale, audacity, capabilities, and resources involved in modern cyber warfare to better prepare for future threats and comprehend the mindset of potential attackers.