Explore the landmark 1803 United States Supreme Court case, Marbury v. Madison, and its profound impact on American jurisprudence. Delve into the historical context surrounding the case, including the political rivalry between John Adams and Thomas Jefferson. Examine the key figures involved, such as William Marbury and Chief Justice John Marshall. Understand how this pivotal decision established the principle of judicial review, granting the Supreme Court the authority to strike down laws deemed unconstitutional. Analyze the far-reaching consequences of this ruling on the balance of power within the U.S. government and its enduring influence on the American legal system.