Explore a comprehensive lecture on postoperative analgesia in pediatrics, focusing on the use of morphine as a primary choice for non-cardiac procedures. Delve into the determinants of pain, current research levels, and fundamental questions surrounding opioids and drug trials. Examine studies on plasma morphine levels, hormonal and metabolic stress responses in young children after major surgery, and the pharmacodynamics of pain management. Analyze randomized controlled trials evaluating the effects of continuous versus intermittent morphine administration and the impact of additional paracetamol during morphine infusion. Learn about the validation of proposed dosing regimens and gain insights into pediatric anesthesia practices. Conclude with a summary of evidence-based approaches to postoperative pain management in children.