Explore the complexities of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) in this 27-minute lecture by Dr. Gordon Rubenfeld for OPENPediatrics. Delve into the historical context of ARDS, tracing its clinical phenotype back to 1967, and examine the challenges in defining and diagnosing this condition without a specific biomarker. Learn about the Berlin Definition, its impact on literature, and recent developments in ARDS research. Analyze the importance of clinical syndromes in medicine, the reliability and validity of ARDS definitions, and the potential differences between direct and indirect ARDS. Gain insights into novel patient-level meta-analyses and the use of latent class modeling for identifying ARDS subphenotypes, providing a comprehensive overview of current understanding and future directions in ARDS research and clinical practice.