Explore the profound relationship between physics and mathematics in this 34-minute lecture by Graham Farmelo at the Institute for Advanced Study. Delve into the historical interplay between these disciplines, from Newton's Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy to Maxwell's groundbreaking equations. Examine the contributions of influential figures such as Laplace, Einstein, and Dirac, and their impact on theoretical physics. Investigate the concept of a pre-established harmony between physics and mathematics, as observed by Gottfried Leibniz. Consider the possibility of a future unification of these fields, potentially leading to a comprehensive framework encompassing all fundamental laws of the universe. Gain insights into the evolution of mathematical physics, the development of calculus, and the emergence of modern theoretical physics.