Explore recent developments in bilevel optimization problems through this 25-minute conference talk delivered by Shoham Sabach at the Erwin Schrödinger International Institute for Mathematics and Physics (ESI). Gain insights into the algorithms and theoretical convergence/complexity analysis of bilevel optimization, which has garnered significant attention in the optimization community due to its crucial applications in machine learning and data science. Discover the current challenges and open problems in this field as part of the "One World Optimization Seminar in Vienna" workshop held at ESI. Delve into the growing importance of bilevel optimization and its impact on advancing computational techniques in various scientific domains.