Dive into a comprehensive 2.5-hour video course on number theory, exploring the fascinating world of integers and their properties. Learn about prime numbers, mathematical induction, division algorithms, and advanced concepts like Fermat's Little Theorem and the Chinese Remainder Theorem. Master key topics including linear Diophantine equations, congruences, Euler's phi function, and quadratic reciprocity. Discover applications in computer programming and delve into intriguing problems like the Gauss circle problem and Dirichlet's divisor problem. Gain a solid foundation in this fundamental branch of pure mathematics, essential for understanding cryptography, computer science, and advanced mathematical concepts.