Explore the intersection of Python programming and astronomy in this EuroPython conference talk. Delve into the history of astronomical observation, from ancient naked-eye observations to modern computational methods. Discover why Python has gained popularity among astronomers, despite competition from languages like Fortran and C/C++. Learn about the AstroPy module and its applications in astronomical research. Examine the use of MatPlotLib for creating sophisticated astronomical plots and graphs. Gain insights into practical research applications, including the use of AUTO, a hybrid Fortran-Python tool for computing bifurcation points in mathematical models. Cover topics such as astronomical units, coordinate systems, and 3D orbit evolution, providing a comprehensive overview of Python's role in advancing astronomical research and data analysis.