Explore the intersection of hardware security and Modern C++ systems design in this comprehensive conference talk from C++Now 2019. Delve into the world of side channel attacks, hardware vulnerabilities, and their implications for C++ developers. Learn about Roots of Trust, the impact of physical access to hardware, and strategies for reverse engineering software. Examine how hardware supply chain vulnerabilities mirror open-source software security concerns. Gain insights into defending against compromised hardware, evolving software and hardware designs to address new threats, and the profound implications for Modern C++ system architecture. Discover how understanding hardware layer vulnerabilities presents new challenges and opportunities for creating more secure C++ software systems.