Explore the fascinating world of cryptography in this 86-minute conference talk from the World Science Festival. Delve into the history and evolution of secret communication methods, from Julius Caesar's reign to modern digital encryption. Learn about the intricate workings of the Enigma machine, understand the differences between cryptography and encryption, and discover the principles of public and private key systems. Examine the challenges of cybersecurity in our increasingly connected world, including the role of the NSA, the vulnerabilities of various systems, and the techniques used to break codes. Discuss the implications of cloud computing on data protection and debate the feasibility and security concerns of online voting. Gain insights from experts in the field as they explore how cryptography shapes our privacy and security in the digital age.