Explore the evolution of advanced threats and the corresponding development of defensive software in this conference talk from Ekoparty 2019. Delve into the ongoing arms race between researchers and threat actors as they compete for dominance in the cybersecurity landscape. Examine how modern operating systems are implementing new mitigations to increase the cost of exploitation and malware persistence, while advanced threat actors seek lower levels of persistence closer to hardware and firmware. Investigate the gaps in current forensics and reverse engineering tools, and consider potential solutions to improve visibility and prevent advanced threats originating from levels where security sensors are absent. Learn from Alex Matrosov's extensive experience in reverse engineering, malware analysis, and firmware security as he provides insights into the challenges faced by security researchers in staying ahead of evolving threats.